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Screen exposure and mediators of executive function in children with ADHD
Hanyu Dong1,2, Yifan Cui1,2, Miaoshui Bai1,2
1Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
Background:
The executive function (EF) of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is important for their future development. Screen exposure may affect the executive function of children with ADHD, and they are both associated with sleep and emotional behavior problems in children with ADHD.
Methods:
A total of 232 children with ADHD were enrolled in this study. We collected the children's characteristics (including age and sex), ADHD core symptoms, intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional and behavioral problems, sleep status, EFs, and screen exposure status. The parallel mediation effect of sleep, emotional, and behavioral problems on the relationship between screen exposure and EFs was analyzed.
Results:
Screen exposure positively predicts the behavioral regulation index of EFs. The mediating effect occurs through three paths: Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) accounts for 19.6%, internalizing problems account for 27.4%, and externalizing problems account for 53.0%.
Conclusion:
Our results highlight the necessity of paying close attention to screen exposure in children with ADHD. This could enhance the clinical management of sleep disturbances, internalizing issues, and externalizing behaviors in children. Furthermore, it may foster cognitive development in children with ADHD, thereby supporting their social functioning.
Impact:
Screen exposure in children with ADHD is closely related to the development of executive function. The screen exposure and executive function of children with ADHD are also closely related to sleep and internalizing and externalizing problems. ADHD children's screen exposure is linked to executive function by influencing the sleep and internalizing/externalizing problems. Paying attention to and managing the screen exposure of children with ADHD may be beneficial to their future.
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