Advances and Prospects in MOF-Based Platforms for Tumor Hyperthermia

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Oncology

Background:

• Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as advanced materials for cancer hyperthermia.
• Their porous structures enable integration of energy conversion, tumor microenvironment regulation, and multimodal therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in MOF-based materials for various hyperthermia modalities.
• To explore integrated therapeutic strategies combining hyperthermia with other treatments.
• To identify challenges and future directions for clinical translation.

Main Methods:

• Review of intrinsic MOFs, MOF composites, and MOF-derived materials.
• Analysis of applications in photothermal, microwave, and magnetic hyperthermia.
• Examination of MOF roles in redox regulation, ROS generation, and energy dissipation.

Main Results:

• High-valence MOFs offer stable frameworks; transition-metal and magnetic MOFs contribute to therapeutic functions.
• MOF-based platforms enhance hyperthermia efficacy by combining it with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and imaging.
• Integrated strategies address challenges like incomplete ablation and tumor recurrence.

Conclusions:

• MOF-based hyperthermia shows promise for precise cancer therapy by overcoming treatment limitations.
• Clinical translation requires addressing standardization, degradation, metal-ion safety, and thermal dose control.
• Future research should focus on mechanism-oriented design, biosafety, and image-guided thermal regulation.