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Related Concept Videos

Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems01:19

Cyclic Processes And Isolated Systems

A thermodynamic system with zero heat exchange and work is an isolated system. For these systems, the internal energy remains constant.
In the case of a non-isolated system, the change in the internal energy is zero only if the process is cyclic. A thermodynamic process is considered cyclic if the system undergoes a series of changes and returns to its initial state. 
Consider a cyclic process that returns to its initial state, undergoing a four-step process. The heat transfer along each path...
Isochoric and Isobaric Processes01:21

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A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is called an isochoric process. According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat supplied or removed from the system is partially utilized to perform work and change the internal energy of the system. However, in an isochoric process, the volume remains constant. Hence, the work done by the system is zero. Therefore, the exchange of heat changes the internal energy of the system only. 
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Reversible and Irreversible Processes01:14

Reversible and Irreversible Processes

The thermodynamic processes can be classified into reversible and irreversible processes. The processes that can be restored to their initial state are called reversible processes. It is only possible if the process is in quasi-static equilibrium, i.e., it takes place in infinitesimally small steps, and the system remains at equilibrium However, these are ideal processes and do not occur naturally. An ideal system undergoing a reversible process is always in thermodynamic equilibrium within...
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
Isothermal Processes01:21

Isothermal Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
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Control Volume and System Representations

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A Web Tool for Generating High Quality Machine-readable Biological Pathways
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Process and Space.

William Sulis1

  • 1Collective Intelligence Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON N0A 1E0, Canada.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Time marks change, while space individuates events. This study models spacetime as history, using process actions to generate a mixed multigraph representing causal propagation and informational correlations, introducing a concept of

Keywords:
contextualitygenerativitylocal becominglocalitymixed multigraphsprocessprocess algebrarealismspacetime historyspatial distinctiontemporal distinctiontransience

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Theoretical Physics
  • Mathematical Modeling

Background:

  • Traditional views of spacetime are challenged by process theory.
  • Understanding the relationship between temporal and spatial distinctions is crucial.
  • Whitehead's process theory provides a foundation for re-examining spacetime.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a formal model of spacetime as history.
  • To introduce a new geometric concept of 'thereness'.
  • To explore the generative role of process actions in spacetime.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual discussion of process theory, temporal, and spatial distinctions.
  • Development of a formal model based on process actions as spacetime generators.
  • Representation of spacetime using a mixed multigraph (directed for time, undirected for space).

Main Results:

  • Process actions propagate information, generating both temporal and spatial components.
  • Spacetime is modeled as a mixed multigraph where spatial position is emergent.
  • A commutative monoid of process actions results in a discrete lattice spacetime.

Conclusions:

  • Spacetime is local to its generating process, supporting 'local becoming'.
  • The structure of spacetime arises from the properties of process actions.
  • Intransitivity and incompleteness in the spacelike subgraph may relate to contextuality.