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The Auditory-Visual Stroop Test to Assess Subjects with Tinnitus.

Anna Carolina Marques Perrella de Barros1, Daniela Gil1, Flavia Alencar de Barros2

  • 1Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil.

Brain Sciences
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This study adapted an Auditory-Visual Stroop test (AV-Stroop test) for tinnitus patients, finding it effective for assessing attentional and inhibitory control. The adapted test, especially with tinnitus-matched stimuli, shows promise for clinical use.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Tinnitus often co-occurs with cognitive deficits, particularly in executive functions like attention and inhibition.
  • Existing cognitive tests may not fully capture the impact of tinnitus on these functions.
  • An adapted Auditory-Visual Stroop test (AV-Stroop test) is needed to specifically evaluate cognitive performance in individuals with tinnitus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To adapt an Auditory-Visual Stroop test (AV-Stroop test) for individuals with tinnitus.
  • To evaluate the correlation between the AV-Stroop test and the conventional Stroop test (C-Stroop test).
  • To assess the influence of cognitive screening test performance on AV-Stroop test results.
  • To apply the AV-Stroop test in participants with and without tinnitus.
Keywords:
Stroop testattentionaudiologycognitiontinnitus

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Main Methods:

  • The AV-Stroop test was adapted using white noise (WN), pure tone (PT), and narrow band (NB) auditory stimuli.
  • The adapted AV-Stroop test, C-Stroop test, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) were administered to 45 participants.
  • The AV-Stroop test was further applied to 70 participants, with and without tinnitus, including a tinnitus-specific stimulus track.

Main Results:

  • The adapted AV-Stroop test demonstrated significant correlations with the C-Stroop test's performance metrics (task time and errors).
  • Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) scores did not significantly correlate with AV-Stroop test performance.
  • Participants with tinnitus exhibited poorer performance on the AV-Stroop test, requiring more time and making more errors, especially with tinnitus-matched stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • The AV-Stroop test is a viable and user-friendly tool for assessing attentional and inhibitory control in tinnitus populations.
  • Auditory stimuli spectrally matched to tinnitus perception enhance the evaluation of top-down executive control.
  • The AV-Stroop test offers a promising avenue for understanding cognitive impacts of tinnitus.