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The Influence of Dietary and Physical Exercise Habits on Melanoma Risk: A Case-Control Study
Francesca Crespí-Payeras1,2,3,4, Rosa Moll-Amengual1,2,3, Neus Calbet-Llopart1,2,3,4
1Melanoma Unit, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
Nutrients
|June 26, 2026
Summary
Dietary choices like limiting sugar and processed meats, along with physical activity (PA), may influence melanoma risk. Dairy restriction and unhealthy cooking methods were linked to increased risk, suggesting personalized lifestyle strategies for prevention.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Obesity, diet, and physical activity (PA) are known cancer risk factors.
- Limited evidence exists on their specific impact on melanoma development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI), dietary habits, food preparation methods, and PA with melanoma risk.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 130 melanoma patients and 166 controls.
- Data collected via questionnaires on demographics, diet, and PA between January 2016 and February 2020.
- Statistical analysis using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Main Results:
- No significant association found between BMI and melanoma risk.
- Restricting sugary products correlated with lower melanoma risk.
- Dairy restriction, processed meat consumption, and unhealthy cooking methods were linked to increased melanoma risk.
- Physical activity showed an inverse association with melanoma risk, particularly vigorous-intensity PA and in women.
Conclusions:
- Specific dietary patterns and PA behaviors are associated with melanoma risk.
- Findings suggest potential for personalized, lifestyle-based melanoma prevention strategies.
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