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Updated: Jun 27, 2026

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Validating 3D Printing as a Rapid Prototyping Framework for Hemispherical Resonator: Design, Simulation, and Testing.

Ali F Abdulla1,2, Jingning Ma1, Mohamed Bognash1,2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
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Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) enables low-cost 3D printing of hemispherical resonators (HRs) for vibratory gyroscopes. This accessible method allows for effective lab-scale testing and optimization of resonator designs.

Area of Science:

  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Hemispherical resonators (HRs) are critical components in vibratory gyroscopes.
  • Traditional fused-silica fabrication of HRs is expensive and limits accessibility for lab-scale experimentation.
  • There is a need for cost-effective methods to fabricate and test HRs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) for fabricating and testing macro-scale hemispherical resonators (HRs).
  • To demonstrate a low-cost, accessible platform for lab-scale experimentation with HRs.
  • To analyze the modal behavior and performance of 3D-printed HRs.

Main Methods:

  • 3D printing of hemispherical resonator (HR) specimens using Polylactic Acid (PLA) via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).
Keywords:
3D printingLaser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV)PLAadditive manufacturinghemispherical resonator (HR)modal analysisquality factorvibration testing

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

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Investigating the Three-dimensional Flow Separation Induced by a Model Vocal Fold Polyp

Published on: February 3, 2014

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Published on: September 12, 2018

Production of a Strain-Measuring Device with an Improved 3D Printer
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  • Design and finite element analysis (FEA) for modal hierarchy determination.
  • Experimental Modal Analysis (EMA) using Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) and signal processing in NVGate, MATLAB, and MEscope.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully identified the n=2 wine-glass mode in a lab-scale 3D-printed HR.
    • Observed a frequency split of 2.15 Hz, attributed to fabrication-induced asymmetries and mass imbalances.
    • Quality factor was evaluated using ring-down and half-power bandwidth (HPBW) methods.

    Conclusions:

    • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) provides a viable and cost-effective method for fabricating hemispherical resonators (HRs).
    • 3D-printed resonators serve as an effective platform for isolating modal behaviors and optimizing geometric parameters.
    • This approach facilitates accessible lab-scale experimentation before progressing to micro-scale fabrication.