Multiplexed Sepsis Immunosorbent Assay Based on Flower-like CoFe₂O₄/MoS₂ with Dual Substrate Affinity

Area of Science:

• Biomarker Discovery
• Nanotechnology in Diagnostics
• Clinical Chemistry

Background:

• Traditional sepsis diagnostics face limitations in speed, cost, and accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings.
• Single-parameter assays provide incomplete diagnostic information, hindering accurate sepsis prognosis.
• There is a critical need for improved, multiplexed diagnostic tools for sepsis management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay (NLISA) kit for simultaneous detection of key sepsis biomarkers.
• To enhance the sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility of sepsis diagnostics using advanced nanomaterials.
• To provide a more comprehensive and accessible tool for sepsis diagnosis and monitoring.

Main Methods:

• Development of a novel flower-like CoFe2O4/MoS2 nanosheet as a dual-substrate affinity nanozyme label.
• Design of a sandwich-type immunocomplex for multiplexed detection of C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, and D-dimer.
• Clinical validation of the NLISA kit using plasma samples from sepsis patients.

Main Results:

• The NLISA kit demonstrated robust sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility at clinically relevant concentrations.
• Multiplexed detection of three critical sepsis biomarkers was achieved with high efficiency.
• Clinical validation showed strong concordance with conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests, confirming improved diagnostic reliability.

Conclusions:

• The developed NLISA kit offers a significant advancement in sepsis diagnostics by enabling efficient multibiomarker detection.
• This novel assay provides a more comprehensive, sensitive, and accessible tool for sepsis diagnosis and monitoring.
• The nanozyme-based approach presents a powerful alternative to conventional diagnostic methods for sepsis.