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Analytical Soft Functions for Heavy-Quark Final States at Hadron Colliders.

Ze Long Liu1, Pier Francesco Monni1

  • 1CERN, Institute of High Energy Physics, Theoretical Physics Division, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China and , Theoretical Physics Department, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We computed the complex two-loop soft function for heavy-quark pair production at hadron colliders. This provides analytic results and essential building blocks for precision heavy-quark physics predictions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).

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Area of Science:

  • High Energy Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics
  • Collider Physics

Background:

  • Precision predictions are crucial for understanding heavy-quark production at hadron colliders.
  • Soft functions are key components in calculating scattering amplitudes in quantum chromodynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compute the complete two-loop, fully differential soft function for heavy-quark pair production with a color-singlet system.
  • To provide analytic results for transverse-momentum-dependent and threshold soft functions.
  • To decompose the soft function into color correlators for broader applications.

Main Methods:

  • Two-loop perturbative calculations in quantum chromodynamics.
  • Derivation of analytic expressions for generic kinematics.
  • Decomposition into dipole and tripole color correlators.

Main Results:

  • The first computation of the complete two-loop, fully differential soft function for this process.
  • Novel analytic results for transverse-momentum-dependent and threshold soft functions.
  • A decomposition into dipole and tripole color correlators.

Conclusions:

  • The computed soft function is a significant advancement for precision heavy-quark physics at the LHC.
  • The results provide essential building blocks for processes involving heavy quarks and jets.
  • This work enables more accurate theoretical predictions for experimental analyses.