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Related Concept Videos

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures bipolar mitotic...
The Mitotic Spindle02:27

The Mitotic Spindle

The mitotic spindle—or spindle apparatus—is a eukaryotic, cytoskeletal structure made up of long protein fibers called microtubules. Formed during cell division, the spindle separates sister chromatids and moves them to opposite ends of a parental cell, where the now individual chromosomes are distributed to two daughter cell nuclei.
The bipolar configuration of the mitotic spindle facilitates chromosomal segregation, preparing the cell for division. One mechanism that ensures bipolar mitotic...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...
Microtubule Instability02:17

Microtubule Instability

Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated assembly and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
10:09

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes

Published on: September 13, 2022

Spindle errors: A stress test for epithelial robustness.

Harshath Amal1, Thea Jacobs1, Stefan Luschnig1

  • 1Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Cells in Motion (CiM) Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.

Trends in Cell Biology
|June 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Epithelial tissues can correct errors in cell division (mitotic spindle errors) by either reintegrating displaced cells or eliminating them. This process maintains tissue stability through coordinated mechanical and signaling pathways.

Keywords:
Drosophilaapoptosisepitheliumspindle orientationtissue homeostasistissue mechanics

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Last Updated: Jun 28, 2026

Evaluation of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Integrity in Mouse Oocytes
10:09

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Published on: September 13, 2022

Human Egg Maturity Assessment and Its Clinical Application
08:51

Human Egg Maturity Assessment and Its Clinical Application

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Examining the Dynamics of Cellular Adhesion and Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Fibronectin During Oxidative Stress
10:57

Examining the Dynamics of Cellular Adhesion and Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Fibronectin During Oxidative Stress

Published on: October 13, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology
  • Tissue mechanics

Background:

  • Mitotic spindle orientation is crucial for proper cell division and tissue development.
  • Errors in spindle orientation can lead to aneuploidy and tissue dysfunction.
  • Epithelial tissues must maintain structural integrity despite cellular perturbations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms by which epithelial tissues buffer errors in mitotic spindle orientation.
  • To understand how cellular and tissue-level responses contribute to maintaining epithelial homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila notum as a model system.
  • Observed cell behavior and tissue dynamics following spindle misorientation.
  • Analyzed the roles of cell-autonomous and nonautonomous forces.
  • Investigated signaling pathways including Hippo and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).

Main Results:

  • Displaced cells resulting from spindle misorientation are either reintegrated into the epithelium or eliminated.
  • Both cell-autonomous and nonautonomous forces contribute to cell repositioning.
  • Hippo signaling pathway influences cell survival.
  • TNF signaling mediates apoptosis of aberrant cells.
  • A coordinated response involving cell mechanics and signaling pathways maintains epithelial homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Epithelial tissues possess robust mechanisms to correct mitotic spindle errors.
  • The interplay between cell mechanics, Hippo signaling, and TNF-mediated apoptosis is critical for epithelial tissue homeostasis.
  • This study provides insights into how tissues maintain integrity in the face of cellular division errors.