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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation01:20

Overview Of Cell Separation And Isolation

Cell separation was first achieved in 1964 by S. H. Seal, who separated large tumor cells from the smaller blood cells using filtration. Two years later, Pohl and Hawk performed experiments on how cells respond differently to a nonuniform electric field based on the cell type. Such observations were the inception of cell separation methods, which allow isolating a single cell type from a heterogeneous sample.

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Updated: Jun 29, 2026

Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Bioanalysis Based on Au@Carbon Dot Nanoprobes
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Published on: June 9, 2023

Cell separation coupled with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A critical review.

Narges Jafari Ghahfarokhi1, Minseok Kim1, Morteza Bayareh2

  • 1Department of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 39177, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|June 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combining cell separation with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enables sensitive molecular diagnostics for cancer and pathogens. This review highlights on-chip and off-chip methods, challenges, and future directions for point-of-care applications.

Keywords:
Cell detectionCell separationMicrofluidicsPoint-of-care diagnosticsSurface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Sensitive molecular diagnostics are crucial for disease detection and environmental monitoring.
  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) offers high sensitivity for molecular detection.
  • Cell separation technologies are essential for isolating target analytes from complex samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review cell separation technologies integrated with SERS for diagnostic applications.
  • To evaluate both label-dependent and label-free separation methods.
  • To identify challenges and future prospects for SERS-based diagnostic platforms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of label-dependent (FACS, MACS) and label-free (DEP, acoustic, magnetic, inertial, DLD) cell separation techniques.
  • Analysis of on-chip and off-chip integration strategies for SERS detection.
  • Examination of hybrid cascaded architectures combining multiple separation mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Integration of cell separation with SERS enhances sensitivity for molecular diagnostics.
  • On-chip integration enables continuous operation and real-time monitoring.
  • Hybrid architectures achieve high throughput and specificity, addressing key challenges like standardization and stability.

Conclusions:

  • Cell separation coupled with SERS presents a powerful platform for cancer diagnosis, pathogen detection, and environmental monitoring.
  • Machine learning and portable spectrometers are key to advancing SERS diagnostics towards point-of-care settings.
  • Further research is needed for robust, reproducible, and clinically validated SERS-based diagnostic systems.