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Post-Operative Infection in Rhinoplasty With Autologous Versus Cadaveric Costal Cartilage Grafting.

Lillian W Dattilo1, Leillani L Ha2, Robin W Lindsay1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye & Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

The Laryngoscope
|June 28, 2026
PubMed
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Post-operative infection rates after rhinoplasty using autologous versus cadaveric rib grafts were similar. Prophylactic antibiotics did not reduce infection risk in these rhinoplasty patients.

Area of Science:

  • Plastic Surgery
  • Otolaryngology
  • Surgical Infection Control

Background:

  • Rhinoplasty often utilizes costal cartilage grafts for reconstruction.
  • The choice between autologous (patient's own) and allogeneic (cadaveric) grafts involves different considerations.
  • Understanding infection risks associated with graft type and antibiotic use is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare post-operative infection rates in rhinoplasty patients receiving autologous versus irradiated cadaveric costal rib grafts.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in reducing infection rates in these patient groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 707 patients undergoing rhinoplasty with costal cartilage grafting (2002-2025).
  • Comparison of infection rates between autologous and irradiated cadaveric rib graft groups.
Keywords:
autologous costal cartilagecartilage graftingirradiated homologous costal cartilagepost‐operative antibiotic prophylaxispost‐operative infectionrhinoplasty

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  • Analysis of post-operative antibiotic use and return to operating room for revision.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant difference in infection rates between autologous (2.3%) and cadaveric (2.3%) rib grafting groups (p=0.99).
    • One patient (0.34%) in the cadaveric group required revision surgery for infection.
    • Prophylactic antibiotics did not significantly decrease post-operative infection rates in either group.

    Conclusions:

    • Autologous and irradiated cadaveric costal rib grafts demonstrate comparable post-operative infection rates in rhinoplasty.
    • Prophylactic antibiotic use does not appear to lower the risk of infection following rhinoplasty with costal cartilage grafting.