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Electrocautery-Assisted Pleural Puncture for a Highly Reproducible Rat Pneumothorax Model.

Atsushi Suga, Tomoki Nakagawa¹, Hajime Watanabe

¹Division of General Thoracic Surgery Tokai University Hachioji Hospital, 1838 Ishikawamachi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0032, Japan. lovehohono@gmail.com.

The Tokai Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine

|June 29, 2026

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A new electrocautery-assisted pleural puncture technique creates a reliable rat pneumothorax model. This method is suitable for testing lung sealant efficacy in preclinical research.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Thoracic Surgery
Preclinical Research

Background:

Pneumothorax necessitates effective treatments.
Developing reliable animal models is crucial for testing interventions like lung sealants.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a simple, reproducible rat model of pneumothorax.
To assess the model's suitability for future sealant testing.

Main Methods:

Female Wistar rats underwent thoracotomy and mechanical ventilation.
Visceral pleura was cauterized and punctured with a 21G needle.
Air-leak pressure, lung re-expansion (fluoroscopy), and pleural repair (histology) were assessed.

Main Results:

Pneumothorax was successfully induced in all rats (12/12) with no mortality.

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Air-leak threshold pressure averaged 17.3 cm H2O.

Complete lung re-expansion occurred within 1 week, with fibrotic pleural repair observed at 4 weeks.

Conclusions:

Electrocautery-assisted pleural puncture is a feasible and reproducible method.
This technique provides a viable rat pneumothorax model for preclinical sealant studies.