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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.

Preparation of Nitriles

Preparation of Nitriles

One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphos^Ph Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Ruthenium nitrosyl complexes with bidentate heterocycles: synthesis and their transformations in solution.

Anastasia O Brovko¹, Ivan A Yakovlev¹, Natalia V Kuratieva¹

¹Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation. a.brovko@g.nsu.ru.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)

|June 29, 2026

Summary

Novel ruthenium nitrosyl complexes were synthesized and their photochemical properties studied. These complexes show potential for controlled nitric oxide (NO) release upon light irradiation, with varying efficiencies depending on the ligand used.

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Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Published on: November 29, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 30, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphos^Ph Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Photogeneration of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Application in Photoinduced Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Published on: November 29, 2018

Area of Science:

Coordination Chemistry
Photochemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Ruthenium nitrosyl complexes are of interest due to their unique electronic properties and potential applications in medicine and catalysis.
Understanding the photochemical behavior of these complexes is crucial for developing light-responsive materials and therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize novel ruthenium nitrosyl complexes with bidentate ligands.
To investigate the photochemical activity and nitric oxide (NO) release properties of these complexes under visible light irradiation.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium complexes using techniques like single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), 1H NMR, and IR spectroscopy.
Photochemical studies in DMSO solution using a flow-through system with simultaneous IR and UV-Vis spectral monitoring under 450 nm irradiation.

Main Results:

Identification of both trans and cis isomers for the synthesized complexes in solid state and solution.
Quantification of photochemical activity and determination of quantum yields for photoinduced NO release.
Quantum yields for NO release were 4.0 ± 0.8% for the bpym complex, 7.3 ± 0.2% for the bpy complex, and 3.1 ± 0.1% for the phen complex.

Conclusions:

The synthesized ruthenium nitrosyl complexes exhibit distinct photochemical behavior.
The efficiency of light-induced nitric oxide release varies with the nature of the bidentate ligand.
These findings contribute to the development of novel photoactive ruthenium-based materials.