Factors associated with dengue preventive attitudes and practices: a cross-sectional study in Peru

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti, which may be fatal in severe cases. Studying the population's preventive attitudes and practices is essential for strengthening control and prevention strategies.

To analyze the factors associated with dengue preventive attitudes and practices among citizens of northern Peru.

A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted. A total of 295 citizens aged 18 years and older participated, selected through non-probability sampling. A validated 67-item questionnaire was used, with a dichotomous scale for knowledge and a Likert-type scale for attitudes and practices. Descriptive and inferential analyses (Cramer's V and Kendall's Tau-b) were performed with a 95% confidence level.

A total of 49.5% showed indifference toward dengue prevention, 93.6% demonstrated adequate practices, and 54.6% exhibited a high level of overall knowledge about dengue prevention.

The most commonly identified attitude was fear that a family member might contract the disease, while the most frequent practices included eliminating mosquito breeding sites by changing the water in plant saucers and using commercial insect repellents. These findings are similar to those reported in previous studies.

A significant association was found between preventive attitudes and practices and most cultural dimensions. Although the population demonstrates adequate preventive practices, many indifferent attitudes toward dengue prevention persist, which need to be addressed through sustainable educational and sociocultural interventions.