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Updated: Jul 1, 2026
Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla
Published on: October 18, 2021
Comparative Evaluation of All-on-Four Rehabilitation Using Zygomatic and Conventional Implants in Patients With
Mostafa El Masry1, Mohamed Shawky2, Hala Elhabashy3
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt.
Background:
Severe maxillary atrophy complicates implant rehabilitation due to limited bone support and sinus pneumatization. The All-on-4 protocol provides predictable results, while zygomatic implants may offer a graftless alternative. This study compared conventional All-on-4 with a modified protocol using 2 zygomatic and 2 conventional implants.
Methods:
Twenty-four patients with edentulous atrophic maxillae were assigned to 2 groups according to anatomical suitability and treatment planning. The control group (n=12) received 4 conventional implants, and the study group (n=12) received 2 zygomatic plus 2 anterior implants. Outcomes included electromyographic (EMG) assessment of masseter and temporalis activity, as well as implant stability.
Results:
Both treatment modalities exhibited positive clinical and functional results throughout the follow-up duration. Implant stability values grew progressively in both groups, with no statistically significant difference observed between them. Electromyographic assessment indicated enhancement in muscle activity post-rehabilitation in both treatment cohorts, with no statistically significant differences in the majority of examined parameters.
Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this study, rehabilitation of the atrophied maxilla using 2 zygomatic implants combined with 2 conventional implants demonstrated acceptable clinical and functional outcomes during the evaluated follow-up period.
Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05108324.
