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Related Concept Videos

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
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Inflammatory Response01:28

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An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
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Blood Transfusion01:15

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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

On-Chip Endothelial Inflammatory Phenotyping
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Published on: July 21, 2012

"Understanding the Effect of Transfusion Rates on Differential Modulation of Inflammatory Responses".

Patrick R Carney1, Ben L Zarzaur1, John B Holcomb2

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Blood transfusions after trauma impact immune responses, influencing inflammation and clotting. This study shows transfusion timing and volume affect cytokine levels, offering insights for patient resuscitation and new therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Blood transfusionInflammatory cascadeInjuryTime-varying effect modelingTrauma-induced coagulopathy

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Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

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12:43

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18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Trauma immunology
  • Transfusion medicine
  • Coagulopathy research

Background:

  • Post-injury immune responses are complex and linked to trauma-induced coagulopathy.
  • Blood transfusions can exacerbate immune dysfunction, creating a cycle of inflammation and coagulopathy.
  • The relationship between transfusion practices and immune response post-injury is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the relationship between large volume blood transfusions and immune response variations after injury.
  • To investigate the impact of transfusion timing and volume on inflammatory markers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from the Pragmatic, Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios trial.
  • Comparison of transfused blood product volume and timing with inflammatory cascade markers over 72 hours post-injury.
  • Application of time-varying effect modeling to assess cytokine responses.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant correlation was found between blood product administration (volume and tempo) and levels of IL-6, IP-10, MIP-1B, and RANTES.
  • 522 patients were included in the analysis, revealing specific cytokine changes related to transfusion patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Cytokine levels in the acute post-traumatic period are significantly influenced by the time and volume of blood product transfusion.
  • Transfusion practices demonstrably increase pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine signaling.
  • Understanding these transfusion-induced cytokine signatures may guide resuscitation and identify novel therapeutic targets.