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Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
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Association between retinal microcirculation and cardiac function: A cross-sectional study using OCTA.

Yi Zhang1, Ruibing Sun1, Siyu Yang1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.

Microvascular Research
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) reveals that retinal microcirculation is closely linked to cardiac function. Higher retinal vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) correlate with better systolic and diastolic heart function.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Retinal microcirculation reflects systemic vascular health.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) offers detailed visualization of retinal vasculature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between retinal microcirculation and cardiac function.
  • To explore the utility of OCTA-derived parameters in assessing cardiovascular status.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study involving 78 participants.
  • OCTA used to quantify retinal vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD).
  • Transthoracic echocardiography assessed cardiac function parameters (EF, MV-E, MV-A).

Main Results:

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasesOCTAPerfusion densityVessel density

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  • Retinal VD and PD positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), indicating better systolic function.
  • Retinal VD and PD positively correlated with mitral valve E wave (MV-E), reflecting improved early diastolic function.
  • Multivariable regression confirmed EF and MV-E as independent determinants of retinal microcirculation; cerebrovascular disease was associated with reduced retinal microcirculation.

Conclusions:

  • Retinal microcirculation is closely linked to both systolic and diastolic cardiac function.
  • OCTA-derived VD and PD are potential non-invasive indicators of cardiovascular dysfunction.
  • OCTA may serve as a valuable tool for assessing systemic cardiovascular status.