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Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Evidence and Consensus Based Guidelines for Imaging in Tubercular Choroiditis. Multimodal imaging in Uveitis (MUV)

Timothy M Janetos1, Aniruddha Agarwal2, Jyotirmay Biswas3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Ophthalmology. Retina
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multimodal imaging guidelines for tubercular choroiditis (TBC) were developed by experts. These consensus recommendations standardize diagnosis, monitoring, and complication detection for TBC using advanced imaging techniques.

Keywords:
Ocular tuberculosischoroiditismultimodal imagingserpiginoustubercletuberculomauveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Tubercular choroiditis (TBC) diagnosis and monitoring can be challenging.
  • Standardized imaging criteria are needed for consistent evaluation of TBC.
  • Multimodal imaging offers comprehensive insights into ocular pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish consensus-based imaging statements and recommendations for multimodal imaging in tubercular choroiditis.
  • To develop standardized criteria for diagnosing and monitoring TBC using various imaging modalities.
  • To guide the application of advanced imaging techniques in the clinical management of TBC.

Main Methods:

  • An international expert committee utilized a modified nominal group technique (NGT) and literature review.
  • A comprehensive portfolio of 31 TBC cases (active and inactive) was reviewed.
  • Consensus was achieved on descriptive imaging features using color fundus photography, FAF, FFA, ICGA, OCT, and OCTA.

Main Results:

  • Distinct imaging features for tubercular serpiginous-like choroiditis (TB SLC) and choroidal tuberculomas/tubercles were defined.
  • Active TB SLC lesions show specific characteristics on FAF and OCT.
  • Choroidal tuberculomas and tubercles have identifiable features on multimodal imaging, aiding differentiation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed guidelines integrate multimodal imaging for TBC characterization and monitoring.
  • These recommendations enhance phenotypic classification and assessment of disease activity in TBC.
  • The consensus guidelines provide clinically relevant endpoints for treatment response evaluation in TBC.