[The 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines: from evidence updates to practice implementation]

The 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines represent a systematic update built upon the 2021 version. The core changes are reflected not only in the adjustment of clinical recommendations but also, more significantly, in the restructuring of the methodological framework. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the new guidelines across four key dimensions: methodological innovations, evolution of clinical diagnostic and treatment strategies, extension of whole-course management, and the establishment of an independent recommendation system for resource-limited settings. The 2026 guidelines achieve four major paradigm shifts: transitioning from simple evidence updates to methodological restructuring, from uniform recommendations to risk-stratified precision medicine, from acute-phase treatment to whole-course management, and from a high-resource medical center perspective to a global health equity perspective. However, systematically identifying evidence gaps, integrating effective strategies into clinical practice, and placing greater emphasis on patients' long-term functional recovery and life quality remain future research priorities.