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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:
Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm01:29

Assessment of Ventilation II: Respiratory Depth and Rhythm

Respiratory Depth
Respiratory depth measures the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a breath. It can vary from shallow to deep and typically remains consistent when a person is at rest or asleep. Occasionally, individuals will automatically inhale deeply, known as sighing, which inflates the lungs with more air than normal breathing.
To assess respiratory depth, observe the degree of chest excursion or movement:
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...
Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...

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Façade-Level Monitoring of CO2 Variability under Urban Heat Island Conditions using Low-Cost Sensor Data Loggers
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Minute-Level Dataset from a Naturally Ventilated Building for Benchmarking and Learning-Based Modeling.

Sunghwan Lim1,2, Ali Malkawi3,4, Sang Won Kang3,4

  • 1Graduate School of Design, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. sunghwan_lim@gsd.harvard.edu.

Scientific Data
|June 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a valuable dataset from HouseZero®, an ultra-low-energy building, featuring a robust three-stage filtering process for accurate sensor data. This benchmark data enhances building thermal modeling and data analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Building Science
  • Data Science
  • Energy Efficiency

Background:

  • HouseZero® is a naturally ventilated, ultra-low-energy building in Cambridge, MA.
  • High-resolution data from 190 sensors is crucial for understanding building performance.
  • Raw sensor data often contains errors requiring rigorous filtering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a one-year, one-minute interval dataset from HouseZero®.
  • To detail a multi-stage filtering methodology for processing large volumes of building sensor data.
  • To establish a benchmark dataset for low-energy building research and data-driven modeling.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a three-stage filtering process: system error, subsystem error, and sensor-level filters.
  • Implementation of an automated algorithm for weekly data processing and storage.
  • Utilization of various visualizations for data validation and analysis of feature relationships.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive, one-year dataset with one-minute intervals from HouseZero® was successfully generated.
  • The filtering techniques effectively identified and removed erroneous data points from millions of raw sensor readings.
  • The validated dataset provides high-fidelity data for advanced building performance analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The HouseZero® dataset serves as a valuable benchmark for research on naturally ventilated and ultra-low-energy buildings.
  • The developed data processing and filtering methodology can be applied to other building datasets.
  • This data supports the advancement of data-driven and learning-based approaches in building thermal modeling.