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Development and validation of the Patient Involvement in Medication Communication at Hospital discharge Questionnaire
Victoria Östman1,2, Emma Bertilsson3, Henrik Cam4,3
1Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. victoria.ostman@uu.se.
Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes
|June 29, 2026
Summary
A new questionnaire, the Patient Involvement in Medication Communication at Hospital discharge Questionnaire (PIMCH-Q), effectively measures patient understanding of medication changes post-discharge. This tool aids in improving communication and patient safety.
Area of Science:
- Health Services Research
- Patient Reported Outcomes
- Medication Management
Background:
- Medication-related problems are frequent after hospital discharge due to communication gaps.
- Existing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) fail to capture patient perceptions of medication communication.
- Effective patient understanding of medication changes is crucial for safe treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop the Patient Involvement in Medication Communication at Hospital discharge Questionnaire (PIMCH-Q).
- To evaluate the content validity, structural validity, and internal consistency of the PIMCH-Q.
Main Methods:
- The 8-item PIMCH-Q was developed using literature and expert input.
- Content validity was assessed via expert review and patient interviews.
- Structural validity and internal consistency were evaluated using factor analyses and McDonald's omega on data from 57 discharged patients.
Main Results:
- Patient interviews confirmed the PIMCH-Q's relevance and understandability.
- Factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure, refined to seven items after one exclusion.
- Confirmatory factor analysis showed good model fit, and internal consistency was high (ω total = 0.95).
Conclusions:
- The PIMCH-Q demonstrates preliminary validity and internal consistency for assessing patient experiences with medication communication at discharge.
- The PIMCH-Q shows potential utility in both research and clinical settings.
- Further validation in larger, independent samples is recommended.
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