Integrated multi-assessment and structural performance index framework for stacking-sequence optimisation of natural...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Composite Materials Engineering

Background:

• Natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPCs) are emerging as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic composites.
• The structural reliability of NFRPCs is significantly affected by fibre type, orientation, and stacking architecture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the mechanical properties of NFRPCs with varying fibre types (Flax, Hemp, Kenaf) and laminate configurations.
• To develop and validate a mechanics-informed Structural Performance Index (SPI) for evaluating NFRPC performance in different applications.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of ten NFRPC laminate configurations (S1-S10) using hand lay-up with single-layer (SL), double-layer (DL), and alternating-layer (AL) sequences.
• Experimental evaluation of tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths for all configurations.
• Development of a Structural Performance Index (SPI) framework integrating mechanical test results.

Main Results:

• The double-layer 0/90° configuration (S7) exhibited optimal mechanical performance, achieving high tensile, flexural, and compressive strengths.
• Laminate orientation shifts from 0/90° to ±45° led to significant tensile strength reductions (up to 54%) but improved shear stress redistribution.
• The SPI framework identified S7 as ideal for structural and crash-dominant scenarios (SPI=0.99), while kenaf-dominant laminates (S5) were suited for stiffness-critical applications.

Conclusions:

• The study demonstrates the critical influence of fibre type, orientation, and stacking sequence on NFRPC mechanical behaviour.
• The developed SPI provides a valuable decision-making tool for selecting appropriate NFRPC laminates based on specific engineering requirements.
• NFRPCs offer tunable properties for diverse applications, from structural components to stiffness-driven designs.