Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Rapid High Throughput Amylose Determination in Freeze Dried Potato Tuber Samples
Published on: October 14, 2013
Impact of varied oral processing on starch hydrolysis, bolus properties, and sensory texture attributes of mashed
Daria S Khramova1, Fedor V Vityazev1, Natalya V Zueva1
1'Komi Science Centre of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences', Institute of Physiology of Federal Research Centre, Syktyvkar, Russia.
Background:
Oral processing behavior influences starch bioavailability, yet the impact of chewing conditions on starch digestibility remains unclear. This study investigated how varied chewing behaviors affect starch digestibility in a mashed potato (MP) sample. Three chewing conditions were compared until individual swallowing readiness: slow-rate (SR) chewing, squeezing (tongue-palate compression without teeth), and free chewing.
Results:
Instrumental texture analysis showed pure MP was too soft for chewing; κ-carrageenan (κ-Car) addition increased hardness, enabling mastication in MP-Car. A κ-Car-pectin blend (MP-CarP) exhibited intermediate mechanical properties, supporting both chewing and compression. SR chewing and squeezing extended oro-exposure by 31% and 26%, respectively, via longer cycles. Muscle patterns changed, resulting in suprahyoid dominance during squeezing and temporalis activation during SR chewing. Salivation decreased by 28% and 46% during SR chewing and squeezing. Boluses formed via habitual and SR chewing had similar texture, whereas squeezing produced a harder, less adhesive, cohesive, and less fragmented bolus, which corresponded to reduced starch digestibility. Lower salivation and diminished bolus breakdown during squeezing contributed to a 52% and 33% reduction in starch hydrolysis during the oral and gastrointestinal phases, respectively. Despite differences in oral manipulations, sensory ratings of hardness, homogeneity, moisture, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness for the MP-CarP sample remained similar across varied chewing conditions.
Conclusions:
These findings highlight the critical role of intraoral processing in starch digestion and suggest that modulating chewing behavior may optimize glycemic control, providing valuable implications for dietary interventions aimed at enhancing metabolic health. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area
Carbohydrate Digestion
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction in which the addition of water breaks down a polymer into its simpler monomer units. For example, peptides break into amino acids, carbohydrates into simple sugars, and DNA into nucleotides. Enzymes often facilitate these processes.
Hydrolysis Reverses Dehydration Synthesis
Complex carbohydrates can be broken down by breaking the bonds between individual sugar units. The reaction breaks a glycosidic bond as water is added to the compound. The...
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
Introduction to Carbohydrates

