Aflatoxins, ochratoxin A and zearalenone in tiger nut drinks in Lagos, Nigeria
A A Mahmud1,2, M O Kaka1, H L Muhammad2,3
1National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC), Central Laboratory Complex, Lagos, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Tiger nuts, widely consumed in Nigeria, are prone to fungal contamination. Yet, little is known about the mycotoxin burden in drinks derived from them. This study validated and applied high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) to determine aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) in 30 tiger nut drink samples from Lagos, Nigeria, after immunoaffinity cleanup. Calibration curves showed good linearity (r2 > 0.98), recoveries ranged 76% - 113% and relative standard deviations were below 20%. Limits of detection were 0.44 µg/kg for AFB1, 0.33 µg/kg for OTA and 5.82 µg/kg for ZEN. Contamination rates were 13.3% for AFB1, 6.7% for total AFs, 30% for OTA and 20% for ZEN. This report provides a validated HPLC method and occurrence data that may support further routine monitoring and risk assessment of mycotoxins in tiger nut drinks.
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