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Published on: February 22, 2011
A peat-burning smoke exposure model and its effects on ratpulmonary tissue
Uly Astuti Siregar1,2, Dewi Sukmawati1,3, Agus Dwi Susanto4
1Doctoral Program of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.
Background:
The incidence of haze from Indonesian forest and peatland fires is a major concern due to its adverse health effects, particularly due to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure, leading to adverse effects on the lungs.
Aim:
This study designed a whole-body PM2.5 exposure chamber to develop a PM2.5 exposure model with varying concentrations and durations, and then evaluated its impact on lung tissue.
Methods:
Thirty-six male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group and three treatment groups with PM2.5 exposure at concentrations of 300, 500, and 700 µg/m³ for 10, 20, and 30 days. The morphology of PM2.5 was characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) detector. Lung tissue histology was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin for lung injury scoring and Masson's trichrome for the percentage of fibrotic areas.
Results:
SEM-EDS results showed particles deposited within the alveolar cavity. The highest PM2.5 exposure group (700 µg/m³) had significantly higher lung tissue injury scores and fibrotic areas than the control group across all durations (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Exposure to PM2.5 from peat land-burning smokecauses significant lung tissue injury and fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner in Wistar rats.
