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[Complications of acute otitis media]

Lukas Schmutzler1, Matthias Santer2, Daniel Dejaco1

  • 1Universitätsklinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.

HNO
|June 30, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Complications of acute otitis media (AOM) are rare but serious. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, including antibiotics or surgery, are crucial for managing intratemporal and intracranial issues.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute otitis media (AOM) can lead to rare but severe intratemporal and intracranial complications.
  • Mastoiditis, labyrinthitis, facial nerve palsy, and meningitis are potential AOM sequelae.
  • Subclinical mastoid cell opacification is common and typically requires no intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide practical guidance on differentiating, diagnosing, and treating AOM complications.
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying and managing severe AOM-related courses.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies for AOM complications.
  • Integration of information on intratemporal and intracranial sequelae.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis involves clinical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging.
  • Intratemporal complications often managed with antibiotics; surgical intervention for abscesses or treatment failure.
  • Intracranial complications typically require multidisciplinary surgical management.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt recognition and management are key to preventing severe outcomes from AOM complications.
  • A structured approach to diagnosis and treatment is essential for optimal patient care.
Keywords:
AbscessCerebral venous sinus thrombosisFacial paralysisMastoiditisMiddle ear

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