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Related Concept Videos

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results from...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Pharmacovigilance01:19

Pharmacovigilance

Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
Steps in Outbreak Investigation01:18

Steps in Outbreak Investigation

In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance
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A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

Responsive Learning and Proactive Harm Prevention: Development of a Tiered Event Review Continuum.

Orysia Bezpalko1, Stephanie Powell1, Elena Becker2

  • 1Center for Healthcare Quality and Analytics.

Journal of Patient Safety
|June 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A new tiered event review system reduced harm in hospitalized children by combining retrospective and proactive safety reviews. This quality improvement initiative achieved high reliability and yielded significant insights for patient safety.

Keywords:
event reviewharm preventionhealth care-associated conditionsproactive safetyquality improvementresponsive learningsafety-Isafety-II

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Published on: January 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric patient safety
  • Healthcare quality improvement
  • Hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) management

Background:

  • Despite progress, preventable harm persists in hospitalized children.
  • Integrating retrospective and proactive safety frameworks can enhance harm reduction efforts.
  • A comprehensive, standardized approach is needed to learn from and prevent harm events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and implement a standardized, tiered event review continuum for hospitalized children.
  • To optimize learning from and prevention of harm events.
  • To enhance patient safety through a multiyear quality improvement initiative.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized quality improvement methodologies for a multiyear initiative.
  • Developed a standardized approach to HAC reviews, incorporating retrospective and proactive elements.
  • Tracked adherence, attendance trends, and longitudinal outcomes post-implementation starting in 2017.

Main Results:

  • Completed 2217 retrospective reviews (2017-2023) with 95% adherence.
  • Conducted 1286 proactive reviews (Jan 2022-June 2024).
  • 75% of patients undergoing proactive reviews did not experience subsequent harm events.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully developed and implemented a reliable tiered event review framework.
  • The framework spans retrospective and proactive safety approaches, yielding system-level insights.
  • Future work includes enhancing provider engagement and measuring longitudinal impacts of safety huddles.