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Single-atom catalysts enabled by natural leaf vein networks for catalytic ozonation of wastewater
1Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Abstract:
A critical challenge in single-atom catalysts (SACs) fabrication lies in the creation of highly dispersed and stable anchoring sites. In this work, we report the use of a natural leaf-vein network to spatially disperse Cu2+ ions. Cu2+ ions were coordinated and immobilized by naturally occurring functional groups within the leaf, and converted into a carbon-based Cu SACs through pyrolysis. The resulting catalyst is rich in Cu-N3-C and Cu-N4-C sites and demonstrates outstanding performance in catalytic ozonation, achieving >98% removal of oxalic acid in water. The Cu-N3-C sites facilitate the initial adsorption and activation of O3, while the Cu-N4-C sites enhance electron transfer and the sustained generation of reactive oxygen species, highlighting the complementary roles of these two active sites in catalytic ozonation. This facile and template-assisted method for dispersing and regulating metal ions using natural structures opens a novel avenue for the rational design of SACs and offers fresh insights into support system engineering.
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