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Effectiveness of a posture education program in high school students: A randomized controlled trial protocol
Jeyanthi Valaitham1, Asfarina Zanudin1, Nurfaradilla Mohamad Nasri2
1Physiotherapy Programme, Centre for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Adolescents are increasingly exposed to sedentary behaviours and poor ergonomic environments that may adversely affect posture, aerobic capacity, and psychological well-being. This article describes a standardized protocol for implementing and evaluating an 8-week Posture Education Program (PEP) among high school students aged 14-17 years using a randomized controlled trial design. The intervention includes postural awareness, core strengthening, ergonomic correction, guided movement, and reflective behavioural activities delivered during physical education sessions. The control group will continue standard physical education without posture-specific training. The program was developed using the ADDIE instructional framework, while the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework guided outcome selection. Primary outcomes include postural alignment, aerobic capacity, and lung function. Secondary outcomes include physical activity, psychological well-being, and ergonomic knowledge and behaviour. This protocol provides a reproducible framework for school-based posture education interventions and integrates multidimensional assessment of postural, cardiorespiratory, behavioural, and psychological outcomes within a school-based adolescent population. Structured 8-week school-based posture education intervention integrated into physical education sessions. Multidimensional assessment of posture, aerobic capacity, lung function, and psychological well-being. Reproducible randomized controlled trial protocol guided by ADDIE and ICF frameworks.