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Integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Module for Medical Professionalism and

Nurfarahin Nasri1, Khairul Azhar Jamaludin1,2, Nurfaradilla Mohamad Nasri1,2

  • 1Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor 43600 UKM Malaysia.

Medical Science Educator
|March 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Artificial Intelligence (AI) enhanced medical education by integrating a problem-based learning (PBL) module with ChatGPT. This AI-powered tool improved ethical reasoning and engagement in medical students.

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceChatGPTCurriculum co-creationMedical professionalism and ethics educationProblem-based learning

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
  • Ethics Education

Background:

  • Medical Professionalism and Ethics (MPE) education requires innovative pedagogical approaches.
  • Traditional methods may not fully engage students in complex ethical reasoning.
  • Integrating technology can potentially enhance learning experiences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To co-create and evaluate an AI-integrated problem-based learning (PBL) module for MPE education.
  • To assess the impact of ChatGPT as a virtual co-facilitator on student ethical reasoning and engagement.
  • To explore the pedagogical value of AI in facilitating complex ethical discussions.

Main Methods:

  • A three-phase curriculum co-creation process developed an AI-integrated PBL module.
  • ChatGPT was utilized as a virtual co-facilitator with scaffolded prompts based on Bloom's taxonomy and TPACK framework.
  • The module was piloted with fourth-year medical students during scheduled teaching sessions.

Main Results:

  • Student feedback indicated deeper ethical reasoning and improved engagement.
  • Sustained discussions were observed during the AI-facilitated sessions.
  • Instructors noted challenges in moderating AI-generated input.

Conclusions:

  • AI-integrated PBL modules hold significant pedagogical value for MPE education.
  • ChatGPT can effectively facilitate complex ethical discussions and enhance student learning.
  • Further refinement is needed to address challenges in AI moderation within educational settings.