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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner

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A Comprehensive Guide to Tibial Nailing Systems for Short Segment Nailing Procedures.

Youssef M Khalafallah¹, Beatrice A Morrow, Douglas R Dirschl

¹Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Houston, TX.

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

|July 1, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study compared interlocking screw configurations and design specifications for tibial intramedullary nails used in short segment fixation. Findings reveal significant variations in screw placement and nail dimensions across available systems.

Keywords:

Extreme nailing Intramedullary nails Short segment nailing Tibial fractures Tibial nailing

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Published on: November 13, 2016

Area of Science:

Orthopedic biomechanics
Surgical implant technology

Background:

Short segment fixation of tibial fractures often utilizes intramedullary nailing.
Variability in available tibial nail systems necessitates a clear understanding of their specifications.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically characterize and compare interlocking screw configurations and design specifications of commercially available tibial intramedullary nail systems in the United States.
To provide a resource for surgeons selecting implants for short segment tibial fracture fixation.

Main Methods:

A comprehensive review of publicly available product information from US-marketed tibial intramedullary nail systems was conducted.
Data on interlocking screw hole quantity, position, nail diameter, length, and design features were collected from 13 systems across 10 manufacturers.
Direct communication with manufacturers supplemented publicly available data.

Main Results:

Significant variability was observed in interlocking screw configurations, with 3 to 5 proximal and 3 to 5 distal screws available across systems.
Differences in screw number, spatial distribution, nail diameter, and length were noted.
The shortest proximal distance to the second screw hole was 17mm, and the shortest distal distance was 12mm.

Conclusions:

The study offers a detailed comparison of tibial nailing systems, highlighting variations in nail specifications and screw positions.
A comprehensive table and graphic representation can aid surgeons in operative planning for short segment distal tibial fractures.
This information supports the selection of optimal implants for personalized patient care in tibial fracture management.