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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Optimization of An Air-Based Heat Management System for Dusty Particulate Matter-Covered Lithium-Ion Battery Packs

Optimization of An Air-Based Heat Management System for Dusty Particulate Matter-Covered Lithium-Ion Battery Packs

Published on: November 3, 2023

Demagnetization prevention using optimization of PM machine operation with integrated multi speed transmission.

Shirish Singh¹, Rajneesh Kumar², Preeti Sharma¹

¹Department of Electrical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India.

Scientific Reports

|July 2, 2026

Summary

This study optimizes electric bike powertrains using multi-speed transmissions (MST) to prevent permanent magnet (PM) machine demagnetization. This enhances EV reliability and extends PM machine lifespan by reducing operation in high-risk speed ranges.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Optimization of An Air-Based Heat Management System for Dusty Particulate Matter-Covered Lithium-Ion Battery Packs

Optimization of An Air-Based Heat Management System for Dusty Particulate Matter-Covered Lithium-Ion Battery Packs

Published on: November 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Materials Science

Background:

Permanent magnet (PM) machines in electric vehicles (EVs) face operational challenges, including irreversible demagnetization under wide speed ranges and high temperatures.
The field weakening region poses a significant risk to PM machine integrity and longevity in EV powertrains.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a methodology for optimizing electric bike powertrains to mitigate PM machine demagnetization.
To investigate the effectiveness of a multi-speed transmission (MST) system in enhancing the reliability of PM machines in EVs.

Main Methods:

Joint optimization of PM machine design parameters and multi-speed transmission (MST) gear ratios.
Confining machine operation to targeted speed and torque intervals using the MST system.
Comparative analysis of system reliability and energy efficiency under various driving conditions, including the WLTP Class 3 drive cycle.

Main Results:

The adoption of MST architecture significantly reduces time spent in the field weakening region from 57% to 10%.
Energy assessments indicate that additional losses from gearbox weight are dependent on the drive cycle and driver behavior.
The proposed methodology effectively suppresses demagnetization phenomena, enhancing system reliability.

Conclusions:

The holistic powertrain design approach, integrating MST, offers a viable solution to prolong the service life and economic viability of PM machines in EV applications.
Optimized powertrain design is crucial for addressing operational challenges and ensuring the long-term performance of electric vehicle components.