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Related Concept Videos

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
MOS Capacitor01:25

MOS Capacitor

A Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (MOS) capacitor is a fundamental structure used extensively in semiconductor device technology, particularly in the fabrication of integrated circuits and MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors). The MOS capacitor consists of three layers: a metal gate, a dielectric oxide, and a semiconductor substrate.
The metal gate is typically made from highly conductive materials such as aluminum or polysilicon. Beneath the metal gate lies a thin layer of...
Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Energy Stored in Capacitors01:10

Energy Stored in Capacitors

A parallel plate capacitor, when connected to a battery, develops a potential difference across its plates. This potential difference is key to the operation of the capacitor, as it determines how much electrical energy the capacitor can store.
By integrating the equation that relates voltage and current in a capacitor, one can derive an equation for the voltage across the capacitor at any given time. This equation is crucial in understanding and predicting the behavior of capacitors in...
Energy Stored in a Capacitor01:12

Energy Stored in a Capacitor

When an archer pulls the string in a bow, he saves the work done in the form of elastic potential energy. When he releases the string, the potential energy is released as kinetic energy of the arrow. A capacitor works on the same principle in which the work done is saved as electric potential energy. The potential energy (UC) could be calculated by measuring the work done (W) to charge the capacitor.
Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving01:26

Energy Stored in a Capacitor: Problem Solving

In 1749, Benjamin Franklin coined the word battery for a series of capacitors connected to store energy. Capacitors store electric potential energy that can be released over a short time. This property means capacitors have a wide range of applications.
Capacitor-discharge ignition is a type of ignition system commonly found in small engines where the energy released from a capacitor ignites an induction coil that, in turn, fires the spark plug.
To calculate the energy stored in a capacitor of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
10:40

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy

Published on: April 8, 2018

High-Entropy-Induced Polarization Discontinuity Enabling Ultrahigh and Temperature-Stable Energy Storage in Ceramic

Jianhong Duan1, Honglei Zhou1, He Qi2

  • 1College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-entropy design in tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) ceramics creates polarization discontinuity for advanced multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs). This breakthrough enhances energy storage density and efficiency across a wide temperature range.

Keywords:
energy densityentropymultilayer ceramic capacitorspolarization configurationpolarization discontinuity

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

A Fabrication and Measurement Method for a Flexible Ferroelectric Element Based on Van Der Waals Heteroepitaxy
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Ceramic Engineering

Background:

  • Developing multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) with high energy storage over wide temperature ranges is crucial but challenging.
  • Ferroelectric ceramics often face limitations in energy density and thermal stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a high-entropy design strategy for tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) ceramics.
  • To enhance the energy storage performance and thermal stability of MLCCs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a high-entropy design approach to disrupt ferroelectric order in TTB ceramics.
  • Induced polarization discontinuity, creating coexisting polar and non-polar regions.
  • Fabricated and characterized TTB-based MLCCs for energy storage properties.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high recoverable energy density (Wrec) of 15.8 J cm⁻³ and ultrahigh energy efficiency (η) of 97.5%.
  • Obtained a record figure of merit of 632 J cm⁻³ for TTB-based ceramic capacitors.
  • Demonstrated excellent thermal stability from 25°C to 150°C, maintaining high Wrec and η.

Conclusions:

  • High-entropy design effectively modulates polarization in TTB ceramics by inducing discontinuity.
  • This approach offers a viable strategy for next-generation high-performance dielectric materials.
  • The developed MLCCs show significant potential for applications requiring robust energy storage.