Considerations for Dietary Supplements after GLP-1RA Treatment: A Narrative Review

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) prescriptions have significantly increased. The durability of these weight reduction drugs depends on continued treatment, and nearly half of patients discontinue GLP-1RA within the first year. Existing weight maintenance guidelines do not address challenges that arise after GLP-1RA. Furthermore, limited to no guidance is provided on the potential adjunct role of dietary supplements that may help during the transition. This narrative review aims to evaluate considerations for dietary supplements for patients discontinuing GLP-1RA. A review of evidence on dietary supplement interventions was conducted to find ingredients that may be advantageous after GLP-1RA. Data from meta-analyses were included that may support appetite, healthy body weight, and glycemic control. Meta-analyses were collected, analyzed, and interpreted to identify preliminary adjunctive considerations. Caffeine, thermogenics, protein, fiber, alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), and chromium may help with appetite control and body weight support. Mulberry leaf extract, berberine, cinnamon, ALA, fiber, and vitamin D help improve glycemic control. This review provides a reference summary of dietary supplements extrapolated from non-GLP-1RA populations to be considered after GLP-1RA. Healthcare providers play an active role in supporting patients transitioning off GLP-1RA. Lifestyle behaviors focused on healthy diets and exercise should lay the foundation for preventing weight gain. Using a patient-centered approach, considerations for adjunct dietary supplementation may help support appetite and glycemic control. More research is needed to determine long-term weight maintenance once GLP-1RA treatment is discontinued.