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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management01:23

Peripheral Artery Disease V: Postoperative Nursing Management

During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots

Published on: May 21, 2017

Perioperative Medical Management of Aortic Dissection.

Audrey E Spelde1, Michael E Ibrahim2, John G T Augoustides1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Cardiology Clinics
|July 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Perioperative medical therapy is crucial for stabilizing patients with aortic dissection, preventing its worsening, and reducing organ damage. This framework guides clinicians in managing competing priorities for optimal patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Anti-impulse therapyAortic dissectionBlood pressure and heart rate controlMalperfusion syndromePerioperative medical managementType A versus type B dissection

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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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Published on: May 21, 2017

Porcine Model of Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement
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Technique and Patient Selection Criteria of Right Anterior Mini-Thoracotomy for Minimal Access Aortic Valve Replacement

Published on: March 26, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Acute ascending and complicated descending aortic dissections require interventional repair.
  • Perioperative medical therapy is essential for patient stabilization and preventing dissection propagation.
  • Clinicians face complex challenges in managing aortic dissection patients, balancing competing priorities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline a practical framework for perioperative medical management of aortic dissection.
  • To guide clinicians in navigating the complexities of patient care across the continuum.
  • To emphasize the decisive role of medical therapy in conjunction with interventional procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature and clinical guidelines.
  • Development of a structured approach to perioperative management.
  • Identification of key priorities and challenges in patient care.

Main Results:

  • A framework is presented for managing aortic dissection patients.
  • Key considerations include reducing aortic shear stress, maintaining perfusion, and managing pain.
  • Strategies for addressing malperfusion syndromes and preparing for intervention are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Perioperative medical management is a critical component of aortic dissection care.
  • A systematic approach can help optimize patient outcomes.
  • Effective management requires balancing multiple competing clinical priorities.