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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth

In Vesiculo Synthesis of Peptide Membrane Precursors for Autonomous Vesicle Growth

Published on: June 28, 2019

Sequence-Defined Short Peptide-Derived Coacervate Vesicles for Targeted Therapeutics.

Sandip Sarkar¹, Rajsekhar Roy², Atin Chatterjee¹

¹Department of Chemical Sciences and Center for Advanced Functional Materials, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|July 6, 2026

Summary

A novel peptide forms stable, enzyme-responsive coacervate vesicles (CVs) for targeted cancer therapy. These vesicles release therapeutic cargo upon encountering tumor enzymes, triggering a cascade that suppresses tumor growth.

Keywords:

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) responsiveness Cancer therapy Coacervate vesicles (CVs)Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation (LLPS)Peptide Coacervates Stimuli‐responsive Supramolecular Transformation

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Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Nanotechnology
Chemical Biology

Background:

Compartmentalization is crucial for biological organization and developing advanced therapeutic carriers.
Programmable delivery systems require precise control over molecular assembly and release.

Purpose of the Study:

To design a sequence-defined peptide capable of forming stable, enzyme-responsive coacervate vesicles (CVs) for targeted cancer therapy.
To investigate the therapeutic potential of these CVs through a synergistic cascade involving enzymatic starvation, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide (NO) generation.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a sequence-defined peptide (Biotin-SR) with pH-responsive and enzyme-cleavable functionalities.
Formation of lipid-free coacervate vesicles (CVs) via liquid-liquid phase separation.
Encapsulation of glucose oxidase (GOx) and assessment of cargo release triggered by alkaline phosphatase (ALP).
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in cancer models.

Main Results:

Biotin-SR peptides formed structurally persistent, lipid-free coacervate vesicles (CVs) through liquid-liquid phase separation.
The CVs demonstrated selective targeting of cancer cells via biotin-mediated recognition.
Enzymatic dephosphorylation by ALP in tumor environments triggered irreversible charge loss, GOx release, and a synergistic therapeutic cascade.
The combined effects of glucose depletion and NO generation led to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and suppressed tumor growth.

Conclusions:

Minimal peptide sequences can be engineered to create stable coacervate vesicles with enzyme-responsive supramolecular functions.
This approach enables targeted delivery and triggered release of therapeutics, leading to synergistic anticancer effects.
The developed peptide-based CVs represent a promising platform for advanced, programmable therapeutic carriers.