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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
Published on: February 13, 2017
In Situ and Operando Studies as Mechanistic Toolbox for Redox Flow Batteries, Redox Targeting, and CO2 Capture
Donghwi Ko1, Vikram Singh1, Hye Ryung Byon1
1Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, South Korea.
None:
As renewable energy deployment accelerates, safe and scalable long-duration energy storage (LDES) becomes increasingly critical. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) offer intrinsic nonflammability and decoupled energy-power architectures, yet multihour operation and multidecade lifetimes demand precise and state-resolved diagnostics. These challenges are intensified for organic redox-active species and emerging architectures such as redox-targeting flow batteries and electrochemical CO2 capture systems. This perspective highlights recent advances in in situ and operando spectroscopic and electrochemical tools, including UV-vis-NIR, NMR/EPR, vibrational spectroscopy, X-ray technique, fluorescence microscopy, neutron imaging, ultramicroelectrodes, and SECM, that resolve electrolyte speciation, transient intermediates, aggregation, and interfacial kinetics. These methodologies establish a mechanistic framework for rational electrolyte design and next-generation RFB development.
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