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Prolactin and deficient luteal function.

E del Pozo, H Wyss, G Tollis

    Obstetrics and Gynecology
    |March 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Elevated prolactin levels can cause subfertility by impairing progesterone production. Bromocriptine treatment normalized prolactin, improved luteal function, and restored fertility in women with luteal insufficiency.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive Endocrinology
    • Human Reproduction
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Subfertility affects numerous women, with hormonal imbalances being a key factor.
    • Elevated prolactin levels (hyperprolactinemia) and luteal phase defects are implicated in reproductive dysfunction.
    • Galactorrhea can be a clinical sign associated with hyperprolactinemia.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of prolactin in subfertility associated with luteal insufficiency.
    • To assess the efficacy of bromocriptine in treating prolactin-dependent subfertility.
    • To evaluate the impact of prolactin suppression on progesterone production and fertility.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 8 women with luteal insufficiency and elevated prolactin was studied.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • A control group of 10 healthy women was included for comparison.
  • A luteal index was calculated by integrating plasma progesterone levels throughout the postovulatory phase.

    • Main Results:

    • All 8 patients exhibited luteal indexes below the established normal range.
    • Bromocriptine treatment (5 mg/day) normalized prolactin levels in the patients.
    • Six out of 8 women showed prolonged postovulatory hyperthermic phases and improved luteal indexes, with 5 achieving pregnancy.

    Conclusions:

    • Prolactin elevation appears to interfere with normal corpus luteum progesterone synthesis.
    • Bromocriptine treatment effectively restores fertility in women with regular cycles and inadequate luteal function due to hyperprolactinemia.
    • This study demonstrates a direct link between prolactin, luteal function, and fertility.