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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

Balance control after slip-like perturbations in human running when systematically altering forward trunk leaning.

Luca Braun^1,2,3, Brian R Umberger³, Carlo von Diecken^1,2

¹Institute for Advanced Biomechanics and Motion Studies, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany.

The Journal of Experimental Biology

|July 7, 2026

Summary

Human running balance recovers from slip-like perturbations by regulating whole-body angular momentum. Forward leaning did not affect recovery time but improved baseline control, suggesting reliance on feedforward mechanisms.

Keywords:

Balance control Human locomotion Perturbation recovery Trunk leaning Whole-body angular momentum

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Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control

Published on: September 11, 2019

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

A Modified Lean and Release Technique to Emphasize Response Inhibition and Action Selection in Reactive Balance

Published on: March 19, 2020

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Movement Retraining using Real-time Feedback of Performance

Published on: January 17, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Human locomotion
Motor control

Background:

Human running is robust to perturbations, but recovery mechanics are poorly understood.
Previous research focused on walking, underrepresenting running's distinct characteristics.
Understanding running perturbation recovery is crucial for injury prevention and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate whole-body mechanics of running recovery from slip-like perturbations.
Examine the influence of trunk forward leaning on balance control during running.
Quantify the role of sagittal whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) regulation.

Main Methods:

Sixteen participants ran at 2.5 m/s with induced anterior-posterior slip-like perturbations.
Calculated sagittal whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) and external angular impulse.
Assessed balance control via WBAM-based perturbation recovery time and trunk kinematics.

Main Results:

Recovery primarily involved reactive sagittal WBAM regulation via backward angular impulse.
Sustained propulsive ground forces and initial vertical force peaks aided recovery.
Forward leaning did not alter recovery time but reduced WBAM fluctuations, suggesting enhanced feedforward control.

Conclusions:

Running balance recovery relies on regulating sagittal WBAM through reactive and feedforward mechanisms.
Forward leaning may enhance balance control by promoting feedforward strategies.
Findings provide insights into robust human running stability.