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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology01:15

Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology

An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction01:15

Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction

Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Systemic CXCL4 Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Vivian Vogt1, Christoph Vollmuth1, Guido Stoll2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany.

Current Neurovascular Research
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Early venous CXCL4 levels, linked to platelet activation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS), were not found to predict patient outcomes. This study indicates CXCL4 is not a reliable biomarker for functional recovery after AIS.

Keywords:
CXCL4biomarkeroutcomeplateletsprognosisstroke

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 8, 2026

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Platelet activation in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is associated with elevated CXCL4 levels.
  • CXCL4's role in AIS pathogenesis suggests it could be a prognostic biomarker.
  • This study investigated the prognostic value of early venous CXCL4 concentrations in AIS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if plasma CXCL4 levels measured within 24 hours of AIS onset can predict functional outcome at 3 months.
  • To assess the association between CXCL4 levels and patient outcomes, including mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 111 moderate to severe AIS patients.
  • Plasma CXCL4 levels measured by ELISA.
  • Functional outcome assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months; logistic regression analysis performed.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in CXCL4 levels between patients with poor and good functional outcomes (118.8 ng/ml vs. 119.5 ng/ml, p=0.60).
  • CXCL4 levels did not differ between non-survivors and survivors (127.2 ng/ml vs. 117.6 ng/ml, p=0.85).
  • CXCL4 was not independently associated with poor functional outcome (aOR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.04-2.06).

Conclusions:

  • Systemic CXCL4 levels are not associated with functional outcome in AIS patients.
  • Early venous CXCL4 levels are not a suitable biomarker for predicting functional outcome after AIS.