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Precursor-Derived Porous Layered HfC Ceramic with High-Temperature Resistance and Excellent Electromagnetic Wave
Weifeng Kang1, Yuan Cheng1, Qiang Gao1
1National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composites Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 7, 2026
Summary
Researchers developed a novel porous layered Hafnium Carbide (HfC) ceramic using a precursor-derived ceramic (PDC) route. This advanced material exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance and superior electromagnetic wave absorption for stealth applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Ceramic Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Advanced aircraft require stealth components with high-temperature resistance and electromagnetic wave absorption.
- Hafnium Carbide (HfC) ceramic has a high melting point but poor impedance matching for wave absorption.
- Precursor-derived ceramics (PDCs) offer a route to engineer porous microstructures for improved material properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel porous layered HfC ceramic using a PDC approach.
- To enhance electromagnetic wave absorption properties of HfC ceramic for stealth applications.
- To investigate the material's structural integrity at high temperatures.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a precursor gel via simultaneous self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) and reaction with Hf(acac)2(OH)2.
- Utilized freeze-drying and solvothermal reaction for precursor formation.
- Pyrolysis of the precursor at 1400 °C to obtain porous layered HfC ceramic.
Main Results:
- Successfully synthesized porous layered HfC ceramic with 91.01 wt % hafnium content.
- Material retained structural integrity up to 1800 °C.
- Achieved outstanding electromagnetic wave absorption with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -37.02 dB/mm and radar cross section (RCS) attenuation of 40.188 dB m².
Conclusions:
- The novel PDC route effectively created a porous layered HfC ceramic with enhanced properties.
- The material demonstrates significant potential for high-performance stealth applications in extreme environments.
- This work opens avenues for developing integrated structural-functional materials.
