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Related Concept Videos

Types of Reversible Electrodes01:24

Types of Reversible Electrodes

For electrode reversibility to be maintained, all the reactants and products involved in the half-reaction must be present at the electrode. There are several types of reversible electrodes (half-cells).In metal-metal-ion electrodes, a metal balances electrochemically with a solution of its own ions. Examples are Cu2+|Cu and Zn2+|Zn. Metals that react with the solvent, like group 1 and most group 2 metals, which react with water, and zinc, which reacts with aqueous acidic solutions, cannot be...
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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
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In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Reactivity-Controlled Aluminum (III)-Based Electrolyte Enables Year-Long Stable Metal Anodes.

Jinlei Zhang1, Meng Zhang2, Jingjing Xu1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rechargeable aluminum batteries face challenges with traditional electrolytes. This study introduces a new electrolyte using organochlorine co-solvents to control reactivity, enabling stable aluminum plating and long battery life.

Keywords:
co‐solvent strategylong‐cycling performancereactivity‐control strategyrechargeable aluminum‐metal batteriestrivalent aluminum‐ion carriers

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Simultaneous Multi-surface Anodizations and Stair-like Reverse Biases Detachment of Anodic Aluminum Oxides in Sulfuric and Oxalic Acid Electrolyte

Published on: October 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Traditional aluminum electrolytes suffer from corrosivity and monovalent carriers, limiting battery performance.
  • Simple salt electrolytes offer non-corrosive trivalent aluminum (Al3+) carriers but face passivation issues.
  • Existing electrolytes exhibit either destructive corrosion or blocking passivation reactivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel electrolyte system for rechargeable aluminum-metal batteries.
  • To overcome the limitations of traditional and simple-salt electrolytes.
  • To enhance cycling stability and energy density through controlled electrolyte reactivity.

Main Methods:

  • A reactivity-control strategy using organochlorine co-solvents was proposed.
  • The co-solvents were used to rejuvenate passivation-dominated simple-salt-based electrolyte systems.
  • The performance of the new electrolyte was evaluated for aluminum plating/stripping.

Main Results:

  • The developed electrolytes support trivalent Al3+ carriers while avoiding extreme passivation or corrosion.
  • Aluminum plating/stripping was achieved at a low overpotential of approximately 0.5 V.
  • An ultra-long cycling lifespan exceeding 8760 hours (365 days) was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled corrosivity of organochlorine co-solvents offers a viable strategy for aluminum battery electrolytes.
  • The new electrolyte system enables stable and efficient aluminum metal battery operation.
  • This approach significantly improves cycling stability and reduces overpotential for aluminum batteries.