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Related Concept Videos

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System01:29

Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System

The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System01:30

Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System

Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:
Introduction To Health Care Delivery System01:18

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
Traditional Level Of Health Care System01:26

Traditional Level Of Health Care System

The levels of care describe the services provided in the healthcare system. Accordingly, there are six levels of the traditional healthcare system in the US: preventive, primary, secondary, tertiary, restorative, and continuing healthcare. A nurse must understand how the healthcare industry organizes and provides services within these levels of care.
The preventive healthcare service includes tests for screening. Preventive health care services include identifying and reducing disease risk...
Secondary Healthcare System01:11

Secondary Healthcare System

Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease
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Signal Acquisition, Score Interpretation, and Economics of a Non-Invasive Point-of-Care Test for Coronary Artery Disease

Published on: August 9, 2024

Trends In US Health Care Spending By Income, 2005-23.

Betsy Q Cliff1, Giacomo Meille2

  • 1Betsy Q. Cliff (bqcliff@uchicago.edu), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Health Affairs (Project Hope)
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthcare spending increased significantly for high-income Americans from 2005 to 2023, while remaining stagnant for low-income individuals. These disparities were most evident in outpatient services and prescription drug costs.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Economics
  • Public Health Policy
  • Socioeconomic Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Healthcare spending represents a significant portion of national economies.
  • Understanding spending disparities across socioeconomic groups is crucial for health equity.
  • Previous research indicates income-related inequalities in healthcare access and outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in per capita healthcare spending across different income quintiles in the United States.
  • To identify specific healthcare service categories where income-based spending differences are most pronounced.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal analysis of per capita healthcare spending data from 2005 to 2023.
  • Age- and health-adjusted real spending calculations.
  • Comparison of spending growth rates across five income quintiles.

Main Results:

  • Per capita healthcare spending was highest and grew most rapidly in the top income quintile.
  • Age- and health-adjusted real spending grew 1.8% annually for the highest income quintile, versus no growth for the lowest.
  • Disparities were most significant in outpatient services and prescription drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Significant income-related disparities in healthcare spending have widened between 2005 and 2023.
  • High-income individuals experienced substantial growth in healthcare expenditures, particularly for outpatient and pharmaceutical services.
  • These findings highlight the need for policies addressing socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare utilization and costs.