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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor

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Published on: September 29, 2020

CAPNO study-Capnometry during neonatal transport.

H Fucikova^1,2,3,4, J Franta^5,6,7, A Afifi⁸

¹Department of Neonatology, Coombe Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. hanafucik@gmail.com.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association

|July 7, 2026

Summary

Capnometry offers a useful, non-invasive way to monitor carbon dioxide (CO2) trends in neonates during transport. While it slightly underestimates blood CO2, its reliability supports its use in neonatal care.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal medicine
Respiratory monitoring
Transport medicine

Background:

Capnometry, a non-invasive method measuring end-tidal CO2 (etCO2), has limited data in neonates, especially during transport, with conflicting results.
Accurate CO2 monitoring is crucial for ventilated neonates during inter-hospital transfers.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the accuracy and reliability of capnometry for monitoring CO2 in neonates during inter-hospital transport.
To compare end-tidal CO2 (etCO2) with blood gas pCO2 in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

Prospective observational cohort study involving 150 ventilated neonates.
Comparison of etCO2 with blood gas pCO2 using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis.
Analysis of capnometry trends and influence of lung disease and transport duration.

Main Results:

Moderate agreement between etCO2 and blood pCO2 was observed (ICC pre-transport: 0.61, post-transport: 0.52).
Capnometry consistently underestimated blood pCO2 by approximately 1 kPa (7.5 mmHg).
About 70% of patients showed similar directional CO2 changes, though individual magnitudes varied.

Conclusions:

Capnometry is a potentially valuable non-invasive tool for monitoring CO2 trends in neonates during transport.
Despite a consistent underestimation of blood pCO2, capnometry's trend monitoring capability is clinically relevant.