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Related Concept Videos

Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management01:28

Cardiomyopathy VII: Pre and Post Operative Nursing Management

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction who remain symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy may undergo a septal myectomy (Morrow procedure). This procedure involves excising a portion of the hypertrophied septum below the aortic valve using a heart-lung machine to improve blood flow through the LVOT. Effective preoperative and postoperative nursing management ensures successful patient outcomes, minimizes complications, and...
Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

Factors Influencing Heart Rate

The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
Let us explore the significant factors affecting heart rate, including age, body temperature, posture, acute pain, chemical influences,...
Regulation of Heart Rates01:31

Regulation of Heart Rates

The regulation of heart rate is a complex process controlled by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormonal influences, and intrinsic cardiac mechanisms. The ANS has two main components: the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS).
The SNS increases heart rate through the release of norepinephrine and epinephrine, which act on beta-1 adrenergic receptors in the heart. This action increases the rate of depolarization in the sinoatrial (SA) node, the heart's...
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with bradycardia...
Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate01:20

Assessment of Ventilation I: Respiratory Rate

Assessment of Ventilation
A Ventilation assessment is critical for monitoring a patient's health status. Respiration, one of the most accessible vital signs, provides insights into the function of numerous body systems and can indicate serious health issues, such as brainstem injuries from head trauma.
Critical Guidelines for Assessing Ventilation:

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A Systematic Scoping Review of Participant Descriptor, Diversity and Inclusivity Data Reported in Randomised Studies of Post-Operative Ileus.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

Heart-Rate Variability and Its Role in Non-Cardiac Surgery Perioperative Care: Scoping Review.

Reuben Veysey-Smith1, Ashmit Bhardwaj1, David G Jayne1

  • 1Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.

ANZ Journal of Surgery
|July 7, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Heart rate variability (HRV) assessment can identify patients at risk of peri-operative complications. Early post-operative HRV measurements show promise in predicting outcomes like mortality and critical care admission.

Keywords:
analgesia‐nociception indexdeliriumheart rate variabilityhypotensioninfectionmortalitynon‐cardiac surgeryperioperative complicationsrisk stratification

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Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver
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Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver

Published on: June 27, 2025

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Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions
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Calculating Heart Rate Variability from ECG Data from Youth with Cerebral Palsy During Active Video Game Sessions

Published on: June 5, 2019

Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver
14:28

Software for Analysis of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Time-series Data from the Valsalva Maneuver

Published on: June 27, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Autonomic Nervous System Function
  • Peri-operative Medicine
  • Clinical Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Autonomic dysfunction increases peri-operative complication risk due to sympatho-parasympathetic imbalance.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive measure of autonomic function.
  • Understanding HRV's role in surgery is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical applications of HRV in the peri-operative setting.
  • To explore methods for measuring HRV.
  • To assess HRV's predictive value for peri-operative complications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of EMBASE and MEDLINE databases.
  • Independent screening of 1513 studies by two reviewers.
  • Narrative synthesis of data from 63 eligible studies on non-cardiac surgery.

Main Results:

  • HRV was measured pre- (85.7%), intra- (19.0%), and post-operatively (28.6%).
  • HRV indices showed potential in identifying risks for mortality, delirium, pain, ischemia, and critical care admission.
  • Post-operative day 1 HRV measurements demonstrated superior predictive value.

Conclusions:

  • HRV has diverse clinical applications in the peri-operative period.
  • Definitive evidence could establish HRV for identifying high-risk patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery.
  • HRV may help predict peri-operative morbidity and mortality.