Related Experiment Video For Primary hepatic carcinoma
Updated: Jul 9, 2026

A Three-Dimensional Spheroid Model to Investigate the Tumor-Stromal Interaction in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Published on: September 30, 2021
Classification and early diagnostic markers of Primary hepatic carcinoma: a comprehensive review
Xinyao Liu1,2, Lin Gong3, Weiran Kong1,2
1School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
Abstract:
Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) mainly encompasses three types. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) originates from cells associated with the intrahepatic biliary system, while combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) contains components of both tumors. Current noninvasive biomarkers for early clinical diagnosis of PHC have varying advantages and limitations. Several potential biomarkers are in preclinical research, showing promise for early diagnosis and prognosis, but they require further validation and overcoming technical challenges. This review systematically summarizes the various classifications of PHC, their early diagnostic markers, and recent research on potential tumor markers, aiming to provide a comprehensive reference for early diagnosis.
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