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Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laser-induced Forward Transfer for Flip-chip Packaging of Single Dies
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Laser-Induced Stochastic Copper Microstructures for Flexible Physically Unclonable Labels.

Elena Petrova1, Viktoria Orekhova2, Maria Fedorova1

  • 1Bridge Center, Faculty of Physics, ITMO University, Lomonosova 9, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russia.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|July 8, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a scalable method for creating unique, unclonable optical labels using laser-deposited metal on flexible substrates. These labels offer robust, low-cost anticounterfeiting for electronics and wearables.

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Optics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Physically unclonable functions (PUFs) offer anti-counterfeiting solutions but face challenges in scalable manufacturing and specialized authentication.
  • Existing PUF technologies often require complex fabrication processes or unique materials, limiting widespread adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scalable, sustainable, and cost-effective method for fabricating optical PUF labels.
  • To enable authentication of these labels using readily available equipment like smartphones.

Main Methods:

  • Direct laser metallization (DLM) of deep eutectic solvents on polyimide substrates.
  • Utilizing laser-induced reduction of copper precursors to create microstructures with stochastic edge morphologies.
  • Developing a computer vision-based algorithm for robust authentication.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Laser-induced Forward Transfer for Flip-chip Packaging of Single Dies
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Published on: March 20, 2015

Laser-induced Forward Transfer of Ag Nanopaste
08:07

Laser-induced Forward Transfer of Ag Nanopaste

Published on: March 31, 2016

Simple Lithography-Free Single Cell Micropatterning using Laser-Cut Stencils
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Main Results:

  • Achieved an encoding capacity exceeding 10^465, demonstrating high uniqueness.
  • Demonstrated successful authentication using standard microscopes and smartphones with macro lenses.
  • Confirmed unclonability against high-resolution laser printing and excellent environmental durability (water, 200°C).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DLM approach offers a practical, scalable, and eco-friendly solution for advanced anticounterfeiting.
  • The developed optical PUF labels are suitable for flexible electronics and wearable systems.
  • This technology provides a robust and accessible method for next-generation product authentication.