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Socio-Demographic Characteristics, Income, and Lifestyle of Internists Across Indonesia: A National Cross-Sectional
Lugyanti Sukrisman1, Evy Yunihastuti2, Sally Aman Nasution3
1Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Special Capital Region of Jakarta. lugyanti@gmail.com.
Background:
Internal medicine specialists have always been one of the pillars that support the health of Indonesian people. Currently, there is no available survey regarding the socio-demography, lifestyle, and income of any medical specialist in Indonesia. This study aims to report this gap in knowledge amongst internists across Indonesia.
Methods:
This study was a nationwide cross-sectional study and was conducted via online questionnaires by The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine Specialists (INASIM) between December 2023 and March 2024. Participants from the existing 39 INASIM branches were selected using cluster random sampling, with a target of 20% of registered internists per branch. Of 1,568 internists invited, 1,082 (69.0%) completed the questionnaire and were included.
Results:
A total of 1,082 internists participated in this study, mostly male (57.7%), aged 35-49 years (57.7%), non-academic staff (64.3%), practicing as general internists (76.3%) in 3 locations (70.9%). Distribution discrepancy was observed with 58.0% of general internists and 71.5% of subspecialists practicing in urban areas only. Income analyses showed significant positive correlations with age, working years, working hours, and number of practices. Male internists had higher income than their counterparts, indicating a gender-related income gap. The location of practice did not affect income significantly. Amongst internists, there were approximately 11.1% with a history of smoking, 55.9% with daily coffee consumption, 62.9% with sleep deprivation, and more time spent being sedentary.
Conclusion:
This study identified distribution discrepancy, a gender-related income gap, and unhealthy lifestyle patterns among Indonesian internists, which are issues that warrant targeted policy responses. Nevertheless, these findings may support future policies on equitable workforce distribution, appropriate incentive systems, and physician wellness programs in Indonesia.
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