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Developing a Competency List for General Practitioners/Family Physicians Providing Care for Dual-Location Residents:
Hirohisa Fujikawa1,2,3, Junki Mizumoto2,4, Hirotake Mori1
1Department of General Medicine Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine Bunkyo-ku Japan.
Journal of General and Family Medicine
|July 9, 2026
Summary
General practitioners and family physicians (GPs/FPs) can now use a new competency framework for caring for patients living in two locations. This ROAM model guides clinical practice and medical education for dual-location residents.
Area of Science:
- Family Medicine
- Public Health
- Healthcare Management
Background:
- Dual-location living is a growing trend in Japan, increasing the likelihood of general practitioners and family physicians (GPs/FPs) encountering these patients.
- Non-metropolitan and resort areas are particularly likely to see an increase in patients with dual residences.
- Currently, no specific competency frameworks exist for GPs/FPs to manage the unique needs of dual-location residents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a consensus-based list of competencies for GPs/FPs caring for individuals living in two distinct geographical locations.
- To establish a framework that can guide clinical practice, medical education, and future research in this specialized area of care.
Main Methods:
- A Delphi method was utilized with an expert panel of healthcare professionals experienced in dual-location resident care in Nagano Prefecture.
- Participants engaged in online Delphi rounds, starting with an open-ended questionnaire in Round 1 to identify required competencies.
- Qualitative content analysis was used to generate an initial list, which was then refined and confirmed by consensus in Round 2.
Main Results:
- A total of 36 participants completed Round 1, with 35 proceeding to Round 2.
- The Delphi process resulted in a 10-item competency list.
- These competencies were organized into four domains, summarized by the acronym ROAM: Recognition of dual-location context, Orchestration of dual-location care, Alignment of care plan, and Multicultural professionalism.
Conclusions:
- A consensus-based competency framework, the ROAM model, has been successfully developed for GPs/FPs managing dual-location residents.
- The ROAM model offers a valuable reference for clinical practice, medical education, and future research.
- Further investigation is recommended to assess the framework's applicability in diverse settings.
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