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Compliance Assessment to Enhanced Recovery Protocols: A Three-Tier Donabedian Framework-Based Approach.

Monish Karunakaran1,2, Emmanuel Melloul3, Hans D de Boer4

  • 1Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, HPB Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Iqraa International Hospital and Research Centre, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

World Journal of Surgery
|July 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Enhanced recovery pathways in hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery show benefits despite adherence challenges. Understanding compliance data is key to optimizing these perioperative care bundles for better patient outcomes.

Keywords:
complianceenhanced recovery pathwaysoutcomesquality

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Perioperative Medicine
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Enhanced recovery pathways (ERPs) are evidence-based perioperative care bundles proven to reduce hospitalization, morbidity, and costs.
  • Implementation of ERPs in hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB) surgery faces challenges due to procedural complexity and difficulties in measuring adherence.
  • Despite low protocol compliance, ERPs may achieve intended outcomes through partial adoption of key elements or system-level effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the paradox of ERP effectiveness in HPB surgery despite adherence challenges.
  • To highlight the critical role of data availability and accurate adherence measurement in understanding ERP performance.
  • To differentiate between pathway failure, poor implementation, and justified deviations in HPB surgery outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ERP implementation and outcomes in HPB surgery.
  • Analysis of factors influencing adherence measurement and interpretation.
  • Exploration of system-level factors potentially impacting ERP effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • ERPs can yield positive outcomes in HPB surgery even with suboptimal adherence.
  • Incomplete adherence measurement and system-level factors complicate outcome attribution.
  • Data gaps hinder the precise evaluation of ERP success or failure.

Conclusions:

  • Reliable data and accurate adherence metrics are essential for evaluating ERPs in HPB surgery.
  • Understanding adherence is crucial for refining ERPs and improving patient care.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind ERP success in complex surgical settings.